VERIFIED(Source-Verified)

Fine Silver 999

Primary Designation:UNS P07010

Aliases:

999 SilverPure SilverFine SilverThree Nines SilverUNS P07010

Mat Grades internal verification confirms source-backed fidelity and data integrity. It does not constitute external certification or guaranteed lot conformity. Read engineering disclaimer →

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Data Completeness:5 composition elements and 16 condition-specific property values cataloged.

Omitted fields represent unverified properties. "Missing is better than invented."

Key Engineering Properties

Representative source rows, qualified by their reported conditions. Inspect the tables below for all values, limits, and source notes.

Density

10.49 g/cm³TYPICAL · at 20 °C

Electrical Conductivity

106 % IACSTYPICAL · at 20 °C

Thermal Conductivity

429 W/(m·K)TYPICAL · at 20 °C

Specific Heat Capacity

235 J/(kg·K)TYPICAL · at 20 °C

Melting Point

962 °C962 °C

Composition Excerpt

Ag ≥ 99.9 wt%Silver (min)

Standard Elemental Basis: MIN

Engineering Summary

Fine Silver 999 is unalloyed, high-purity silver containing a minimum of 99.90% silver (999 parts per thousand fineness). It exhibits the highest electrical conductivity (106% IACS) and highest thermal conductivity (429 W/(m·K)) of all engineering metals, along with outstanding optical reflectivity and ductile cold-forming characteristics.

Fine Silver 999 Documented Applications

›Precision electrical contacts and low-contact-resistance switchgear
›High-frequency radio frequency (RF) cavity resonators and wave conductors
›High-performance brazing filler alloys (AWS BAg classifications)
›Thermal management interface foils and cryogenic heat exchangers
›Vacuum deposition and physical vapor deposition (PVD) sputtering targets
›Electrochemical anodes and high-purity laboratory crucibles

Recognized Aliases

Source-backed commercial trade name and short designations cataloged in canonical data.

999 SilverPure SilverFine SilverThree Nines SilverUNS P07010

Fine Silver 999 Specifications & Designations

Standard Designations & Applicable Specifications — Semantically classified designations distinguishing primary standard identifiers, commercial trade names, and applicable specification references.

Direct Standard DesignationsDIRECT DESIGNATION

6 Primary Identifiers

System	Identifier	Standard System Name	Classification Notes & Provenance
UNSPRIMARY	P07010	Unified Numbering System	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)
ISO	Ag99.9	International Organization for Standardization	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)
ASTM	Grade 99.90	ASTM International	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)
DIN	Ag99.9	Deutsches Institut für Normung	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)
W-Nr	2.1211	Werkstoffnummer	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)
UK-HALLMARK	999	UK Hallmarking Act Fineness Mark	—Ref: Standard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)

Recognized Commercial Aliases & Trade NamesCOMMON ALIAS

5 Listed

Recognized Name / Alias	Classification	Technical Usage & Context
999 Silver	Colloquial Alias	Colloquial or commercial industry synonym
Pure Silver	Colloquial Alias	Colloquial or commercial industry synonym
Fine Silver	Commercial Alias	Colloquial or commercial industry synonym
Three Nines Silver	Colloquial Alias	Colloquial or commercial industry synonym
UNS P07010	Commercial Alias	Colloquial or commercial industry synonym

Applicable Specifications & Product Form ReferencesSPECIFICATION REFERENCE

5 Applicable Standards

Standards Body	Specification Code	Specification Title / Scope	Relationship Type
ASTM	ASTM B742 / B742M	Standard Specification for Fine Silver Electrical Contact Material	Specification Reference
ASTM	ASTM B413	Standard Specification for Refined Silver	Specification Reference
ISO	ISO 9202	Jewellery and precious metals — Fineness of precious metal alloys	Specification Reference
DIN	DIN 17510	Feinsilber und Silberlegierungen (Fine silver and silver alloys)	Specification Reference
ASTM	ASTM B742 Standard Specification for Fine Silver Contact Material	Applicable specification reference.	Specification Reference

Engineering Notice: Applicable specifications establish manufacturing requirements, dimensional tolerances, and test criteria for specific product forms (e.g. bus bar, wire, plate, pipe). They represent applicable technical standards, not alternative or equivalent alloy grades.

Fine Silver 999 Chemical Composition

Chemical Composition (Weight %) — Elemental limits and values from the cited source. Preserves exact semantic limits (minimums, maximums, and ranges).

Element	Symbol	Atomic No.	Semantic Basis	Specified Value	Unit	Metallurgical Notes & Qualification	Data Status
Silver	Ag	47	MINIMUM	≥ 99.90	wt%	Ref: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Copper	Cu	29	MAXIMUM	≤ 0.08	wt%	Ref: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Iron	Fe	26	MAXIMUM	≤ 0.01	wt%	Ref: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Lead	Pb	82	MAXIMUM	≤ 0.01	wt%	Ref: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Bismuth	Bi	83	MAXIMUM	≤ 0.01	wt%	Ref: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED

* Elemental percentages are expressed in weight percent (wt%). Values represent applicable specification limits. Unspecified trace elements are not fabricated or assumed.Preserves exact semantic basis

Property Display UnitsSwitch between Canonical SI and Source / US Customary units:

Fine Silver 999 Physical Properties

Source-specific physical properties. Test temperatures are shown only where reported.

1 Parameters

Property Parameter	Canonical SI Value	Semantic Basis	Test Temperature / Context Range	Source Raw Reference	Source Reference	Status
Density	10.49 g/cm³	TYPICAL	Test Temp: 20 °C	10.49 g/cm³	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED

Fine Silver 999 Thermal & Thermodynamic Properties

Phase change temperatures, thermal conductivity, specific heat, mean coefficients of thermal expansion across standardized temperature ranges, and recommended thermal processing windows.

3 Parameters

Property Parameter	Canonical SI Value	Semantic Basis	Test Temperature / Context Range	Source Raw Reference	Source Reference	Status
Thermal Conductivity	429 W/(m·K)	TYPICAL	Test Temp: 20 °C	429 W/(m·K)	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Melting Point	962 °C	TYPICAL	Congruent melting point of pure elemental silver: 961.78°C (1763.2°F)	962 °C	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Specific Heat Capacity	235 J/(kg·K)	TYPICAL	Test Temp: 20 °C	235 J/(kg·K)	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED

Fine Silver 999 Electrical Properties

Electrical conductivity and resistivity in their reported units and conditions.

2 Parameters

Property Parameter	Canonical SI Value	Semantic Basis	Test Temperature / Context Range	Source Raw Reference	Source Reference	Status
Electrical Conductivity	106 % IACS	TYPICAL	Test Temp: 20 °C	106 % IACS	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED
Electrical Resistivity	15.9 nΩ·m	TYPICAL	Test Temp: 20 °C	15.9 nΩ·m	ASTM International & Standards Technical Committees	VERIFIED

Fine Silver 999 Mechanical Properties

Contextual Mechanical Properties & Tempers: Engineering strength, ductility, and hardness values grouped by product form, temper, and section thickness. Mechanical properties are contextual and not isotropic averages.

Elastic & Baseline Mechanical ConstantsSource-specific measurement conditions

Modulus of Elasticity

76 GPa

Poisson's Ratio

0.37 dimensionless

Product Form:

Temper / Condition:

Showing 6 of 6 conditions

Product Form	Temper / Condition	Section Size	Tensile (UTS)	Yield Strength	Elongation	Shear Strength	Fatigue Strength	Hardness (Scales Preserved)	Status
Strip, Sheet, Wire, Bar	Annealed (Soft) Source values and qualifiers Yield Strength (0.2% Offset): ≥ 40 MPa (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510 Ultimate Tensile Strength: ≥ 125 MPa (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	—	≥ 125 MPa	≥ 40 MPa	—	—	—	—	VERIFIED
Strip, Sheet, Wire, Bar	Annealed (Soft) Source values and qualifiers Elongation at Break: ≥ 40 % (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	— · in 50 mm (2 in)	—	—	≥ 40 %	—	—	—	VERIFIED
Wire & Strip	Hard Drawn / Cold Worked (50% reduction) Source values and qualifiers Yield Strength (0.2% Offset): ≥ 240 MPa (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510 Ultimate Tensile Strength: ≥ 300 MPa (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	—	≥ 300 MPa	≥ 240 MPa	—	—	—	—	VERIFIED
Wire & Strip	Hard Drawn / Cold Worked (50% reduction) Source values and qualifiers Elongation at Break: ≥ 2 % (TYPICAL)ASTM E8 / ISO 6892-1ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	— · in 50 mm (2 in)	—	—	≥ 2 %	—	—	—	VERIFIED
Standard Product Form	Annealed (Soft) Source values and qualifiers HV Hardness: 25–35 HV (TYPICAL)ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	—	—	—	—	—	—	25–35 HV	VERIFIED
Standard Product Form	Hard Drawn / Cold Worked (50% reduction) Source values and qualifiers HV Hardness: 85–105 HV (TYPICAL)ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees — ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510	—	—	—	—	—	—	85–105 HV	VERIFIED

Hardness Integrity Notice: Rockwell B (HRB), Rockwell F (HRF), and Superficial 30T (HR30T) scales are reported on their measured scales without cross-scale mathematical conversion.

Source: See fact-level citations

Fine Silver 999 Processing & Fabrication

Machining, joining, forming, and thermal processing ratings cataloged from the cited authoritative technical reference.

Source: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical Committees

Machinability

Rated at approximately 30% relative to free-cutting brass (C36000). Highly ductile and gummy; produces long continuous chips. Requires sharp high-rake carbide or diamond tooling, light feed rates, and continuous flood coolant to prevent tearing and galling.

Weldability & Joining

Weldable with gas tungsten arc (GTAW/TIG) and resistance welding; requires significant preheat and higher heat input due to extremely high thermal diffusivity (1.74 cm²/s). Readily brazed with silver-bearing fluxed fillers.

Heat Treatment & Working Ranges

Full recrystallization annealing occurs between 200°C and 300°C (392°F to 572°F) for 30 minutes, followed by rapid water quench or air cooling to preserve soft annealed ductility.

Forming & Cold Working

Exceptional cold workability. Capable of severe deep drawing, spinning, wire drawing down to micro-diameters, and cold swaging without intermediate annealing.

Fine Silver 999 Equivalent & Comparable Grades

Comparable Grades & Cross-References: Carefully classified cross-reference relationships for Fine Silver 999. Comparable does not mean equivalent.

Related Material	Family	Relationship Classification	Metallurgical Notes & Differences	Status	Action
Sterling Silver 925	Silver & Silver Alloys	Commonly Compared	Fine Silver 999 provides peak electrical and thermal conductivity (106% IACS vs 84% IACS) and immunity to firescale oxidation, but Sterling Silver 925 provides substantially higher mechanical hardness (70 HV vs 28 HV annealed) and yield strength.Materials serve different design priorities (e.g. higher strength vs superior corrosion resistance or cost).	VERIFIED	Side-by-Side Compare →
C11000 ETP Copper	Copper Alloys	Commonly Compared	Fine Silver is the only elemental engineering metal possessing higher electrical conductivity (106% IACS) and thermal conductivity (429 W/(m·K)) than standard C11000 ETP Copper (100% to 101% IACS, 388 W/(m·K)).Materials serve different design priorities (e.g. higher strength vs superior corrosion resistance or cost).	VERIFIED	Side-by-Side Compare →
Britannia Silver 958	Silver & Silver Alloys	Commonly Compared	Britannia 958 incorporates 4.16% copper to increase yield strength to ~90 MPa while retaining closer conductivity and ductility to pure silver than sterling 925.Materials serve different design priorities (e.g. higher strength vs superior corrosion resistance or cost).	VERIFIED	Side-by-Side Compare →

Sources

Sources & Provenance Trail: Authoritative reference publications, standards specifications, and data registers cited across this material record.

ASTM International & Standards Technical CommitteesStandard Specifications for Silver & Silver Alloys (ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510)

STANDARDS ORG

Authoritative data harmonized across ASTM B742, ASTM B413, ISO 9202, DIN 17510, British Hallmarking Act 1973, and ASM International monographs.

Issuing Body: ASTM International & ISO / DIN Standards Technical CommitteesRevision: ASTM B742-20 / ISO 9202:2019 / DIN 17510View Source Record ↗

Intellectual Property & Provenance Notice: Mat Grades cites technical literature from recognized industry associations and standards organizations. Underlying technical standards and publication data remain the intellectual property of their respective issuing organizations.