Material Selection8–10 min read
6061-T6 vs 7075-T6 Aluminum: Strength, Machining and Finish
Select the complete manufacturing route before comparing aluminum strength figures.
Author: Mat Grades Editorial DeskRead Guide →
2024 Aluminum
Primary Designation:AA 2024
Aliases:
AA 2024
Mat Grades internal verification confirms source-backed fidelity and data integrity. It does not constitute external certification or guaranteed lot conformity. Read engineering disclaimer →
Data Completeness:11 composition elements and 29 condition-specific property values cataloged.
Omitted fields represent unverified properties. "Missing is better than invented."
Key Engineering Properties
Representative source rows, qualified by their reported conditions. Inspect the tables below for all values, limits, and source notes.
Density
2.77 g/cm³TYPICAL · temperature not stated
Electrical Conductivity
50 % IACSTYPICAL · O Temper · temperature not stated
Thermal Conductivity
190 W/(m·K)TYPICAL · O Temper · temperature not stated
Melting Range (Solidus / Liquidus)
502 – 638 °C502 – 638 °F
Solidus: 502°C | Liquidus: 638°CComposition Excerpt
Si ≤ 0.5 wt%Silicon (max)
Standard Elemental Basis: MAXTensile Strength
186 MPaTYPICAL · O Temper · temperature not stated
Reported: 186Engineering Summary
2024 is the benchmark high-strength aerospace Al-Cu-Mg alloy, offering exceptional damage tolerance, fracture toughness, and fatigue crack growth resistance for flight-critical airframe structures and precision fittings.
Recognized Aliases
Source-backed commercial trade name and short designations cataloged in canonical data.
AA 2024
2024 Aluminum Specifications & Designations
Standard Designations & Applicable Specifications — Semantically classified designations distinguishing primary standard identifiers, commercial trade names, and applicable specification references.
Direct Standard DesignationsDIRECT DESIGNATION
3 Primary IdentifiersScroll horizontally for full designation data
| System | Identifier | Standard System Name | Classification Notes & Provenance |
|---|---|---|---|
| AAPRIMARY | 2024 | Aluminum Association | —Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet |
| UNS | A92024 | Unified Numbering System | —Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet |
| ISO | AlCu4Mg1 | International Organization for Standardization | —Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet |
Recognized Commercial Aliases & Trade NamesCOMMON ALIAS
1 ListedScroll horizontally for full alias classifications
| Recognized Name / Alias | Classification | Technical Usage & Context |
|---|---|---|
| AA 2024 | Commercial Alias | Colloquial or commercial industry synonym |
Applicable Specifications & Product Form ReferencesSPECIFICATION REFERENCE
2 Applicable StandardsScroll horizontally for full standard specifications
| Standards Body | Specification Code | Specification Title / Scope | Relationship Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASTM International | ASTM B209 | Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and PlatePRODUCT_SPECIFICATION · Product form: Sheet & Plate | Specification Reference |
| ASTM International | ASTM B211 | Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Rolled or Cold Finished Bar, Rod, and WirePRODUCT_SPECIFICATION · Product form: Cold Finished Rod & Bar | Specification Reference |
Engineering Notice: Applicable specifications establish manufacturing requirements, dimensional tolerances, and test criteria for specific product forms (e.g. bus bar, wire, plate, pipe). They represent applicable technical standards, not alternative or equivalent alloy grades.
2024 Aluminum Chemical Composition
Chemical Composition (Weight %) — Elemental limits and values from the cited source. Preserves exact semantic limits (minimums, maximums, and ranges).
Scroll horizontally for full elemental limits
| Element | Symbol | Atomic No. | Semantic Basis | Specified Value | Unit | Metallurgical Notes & Qualification | Data Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silicon | Si | 0 | MAXIMUM | ≤ 0.50 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Iron | Fe | 0 | MAXIMUM | ≤ 0.50 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Copper | Cu | 0 | RANGE | 3.80 – 4.90 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Manganese | Mn | 0 | RANGE | 0.30 – 0.90 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Magnesium | Mg | 0 | RANGE | 1.20 – 1.80 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Chromium | Cr | 0 | MAXIMUM | ≤ 0.10 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Zinc | Zn | 0 | MAXIMUM | ≤ 0.25 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Titanium | Ti | 0 | MAXIMUM | ≤ 0.15 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Other Elements Each | OE | 0 | EACH | ≤ 0.05 each | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Other Elements Total | OT | 0 | TOTAL | ≤ 0.15 | wt% | Ref: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
| Aluminum | Al | 0 | REMAINDER | Remainder | wt% | Balance aluminumRef: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
* Elemental percentages are expressed in weight percent (wt%). Values represent applicable specification limits. Unspecified trace elements are not fabricated or assumed.Preserves exact semantic basis
Property Display UnitsSwitch between Canonical SI and Source / US Customary units:
2024 Aluminum Physical Properties
Source-specific physical properties. Test temperatures are shown only where reported.
Scroll horizontally for full property parameters
| Property Parameter | Canonical SI Value | Semantic Basis | Test Temperature / Context Range | Source Raw Reference | Source Reference | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 2.77 g/cm³ | TYPICAL | 2.77 g/cm³ | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
2024 Aluminum Thermal & Thermodynamic Properties
Phase change temperatures, thermal conductivity, specific heat, mean coefficients of thermal expansion across standardized temperature ranges, and recommended thermal processing windows.
Scroll horizontally for full property parameters
| Property Parameter | Canonical SI Value | Semantic Basis | Test Temperature / Context Range | Source Raw Reference | Source Reference | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion | 23.2 µm/(m·K) | TYPICAL | 23.2 µm/(m·K) | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Solidus Temperature | 502 °C | TYPICAL | 502 °C | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Liquidus Temperature | 638 °C | TYPICAL | 638 °C | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Thermal ConductivityCondition: O Temper | 190 W/(m·K) | TYPICAL | 190 W/(m·K) | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Thermal ConductivityCondition: T3 Temper | 121 W/(m·K) | TYPICAL | 121 W/(m·K) | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Thermal ConductivityCondition: T851 Temper | 151 W/(m·K) | TYPICAL | 151 W/(m·K) | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
2024 Aluminum Electrical Properties
Electrical conductivity and resistivity in their reported units and conditions.
Scroll horizontally for full property parameters
| Property Parameter | Canonical SI Value | Semantic Basis | Test Temperature / Context Range | Source Raw Reference | Source Reference | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Electrical ConductivityCondition: O Temper | 50 % IACS | TYPICAL | 50.0 % IACS | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Electrical ConductivityCondition: T3 Temper | 30 % IACS | TYPICAL | 30.0 % IACS | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED | |
| Electrical ConductivityCondition: T851 Temper | 38 % IACS | TYPICAL | 38.0 % IACS | Kaiser Aluminum Corporation | VERIFIED |
2024 Aluminum Mechanical Properties
Contextual Mechanical Properties & Tempers: Engineering strength, ductility, and hardness values grouped by product form, temper, and section thickness. Mechanical properties are contextual and not isotropic averages.
Elastic & Baseline Mechanical ConstantsSource-specific measurement conditions
Modulus of Elasticity
73 GPa
Showing 3 of 3 conditions
Scroll horizontally for all conditions & tempers
Hardness Integrity Notice: Rockwell B (HRB), Rockwell F (HRF), and Superficial 30T (HR30T) scales are reported on their measured scales without cross-scale mathematical conversion.
Source: See fact-level citations
Practical Engineering & Fabrication Notes
By Mat Grades Editorial Desk · Updated 2026-11-14. Use alongside the specified product standard and supplier certificate.
Machining & shop-floor behavior
For 2024 Aluminum, a qualified cutting-speed or tool-life recommendation is not supplied in the available record. A relevant hardness example is HB Hardness: 47 HB (typical; O Temper, O, Cold Finished Rod & Bar). Use that supplied condition for a trial of the difficult feature. Record tool changes, burr removal, unclamped dimensions and accepted parts per hour. Relative machinability ratings from different reference scales should not be compared as if they were one common test.
Weldability, brazing & joining
No qualified weld procedure, filler selection or preheat/interpass schedule is established by this material record. Obtain a procedure for the actual joint, supplied condition and section rather than copying one from a nearby grade. The first cataloged strength example is Ultimate Tensile Strength: 186 MPa (typical; O Temper, O, Cold Finished Rod & Bar). Assess the final part after joining or thermal processing. Include distortion, cleanup and inspection in the quotation. A material designation or favorable process rating is a starting point for qualification, not evidence that an untested joint meets the drawing.
Corrosion & service environment
Review the finish, moisture traps and contact with other metals before accepting an assembly for service. Alloy, temper and surface treatment answer different questions. A stronger listed condition does not automatically solve corrosion, wear or deflection, and thermal-property data is not a maximum operating-temperature rating. The recorded thermal example is Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: 23.2 µm/(m·K) (typical; additional condition not stated). State the exposure and inspection access in the design record so that a change of installation or cleaning method triggers a review. The selected composition entries are Si maximum 0.5 wt%, Fe maximum 0.5 wt%, Cu 3.8–4.9 wt%. Chemistry documents identity; it does not establish fluid compatibility.
Selection trade-offs & applications
For fatigue-sensitive structure, define the product form, temper and direction before using a published strength. Include surface protection and joining in the review rather than treating the alloy number as a complete structural specification. The listed forms include Cold Finished Rod & Bar; confirm the actual stock offered by the supplier. Compare the complete route through machining, joining, finish and inspection. Keep the certificate, required test location and acceptance criteria with the first-article record. A later change of grade, condition or source should be assessed against that same requirement.
Technical references: Kaiser Aluminum Corporation
2xxx Series Wrought Aluminum Alloys
Wrought aluminum alloys grouped under the 2xxx metallurgical series sharing fundamental alloying systems and physical characteristics.
2024Current Grade
2024 Aluminum
Related Engineering & Metallurgy Guides
Contextual technical guides explaining degradation mechanisms, testing methodologies, and selection criteria relevant to 2024 Aluminum.
Welding & Fabrication18 min read
How to Weld Aluminium to Aluminium: TIG, MIG, Filler Metals & Alloy Guide
Aluminium possesses distinct physical and metallurgical properties—including a tenacious refractory oxide layer that melts at 2,072°C, thermal conductivity five times higher than structural steel, extreme liquid hydrogen solubility, and a lack of visible color change before melting. Successful aluminium-to-aluminium welding requires matching the base alloy series to an appropriate process (AC TIG, pulsed MIG, or SMAW) and compatible filler metal while designing for unavoidable heat-affected zone softening.
Author: Mat Grades Editorial DeskRead Guide →
Sources
Sources & Provenance Trail: Authoritative reference publications, standards specifications, and data registers cited across this material record.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Chemical Composition Limits. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties DENSITY. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties ELASTIC_MODULUS. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties THERMAL_EXPANSION. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties SOLIDUS_TEMPERATURE. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties LIQUIDUS_TEMPERATURE. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties O Temper. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties T3 Temper. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Physical Properties T851 Temper. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Mechanical Properties O Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Mechanical Properties T351 Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Mechanical Properties T851 Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Hardness O Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Hardness T351 Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Hardness T851 Cold Finished Rod & Bar. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Designation AA 2024. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Designation UNS A92024. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Designation ISO AlCu4Mg1. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Specification ASTM B209. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Kaiser Aluminum CorporationKaiser Aluminum Technical Engineering Datasheet
PRIMARY PRODUCER
Reviewed factual transcription from Kaiser Aluminum technical product datasheets: mat-phase4c-2024 Specification ASTM B211. Selected facts only; no decorative text or full standard tables reproduced.
Intellectual Property & Provenance Notice: Mat Grades cites technical literature from recognized industry associations and standards organizations. Underlying technical standards and publication data remain the intellectual property of their respective issuing organizations.