Verified Curated Comparison Pairs:Source-Qualified
Material Comparison
Compare verified engineering materials side by side with condition-specific mechanical properties.
Material A (Baseline)
Material B (Comparison)
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Temper & Metallurgical Context Qualification:The selected records contain different or missing source contexts. Values shown in separate rows are not directly matched. Typical and estimated values are not guaranteed minima; matching context alone does not establish interchangeability.
1. Identity, Classification & Standards
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| Parameter | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron | C14500 Tellurium Copper |
|---|---|---|
| Material Family | Cast Iron | Copper Alloys |
| Subfamily | Ductile (Nodular) Iron | Free-Machining Copper |
| ASTM Designation | A536 Grade 60-40-18 | — |
| UNS Designation | F32800 | C14500 |
| SAE Designation | J434 D4018 | — |
| COMMERCIAL Designation | — | Tellurium Copper |
| CDA Designation | — | Alloy 145 |
| SPECIFICATION Designation | — | ASTM B224 |
2. Chemical Composition Limits (wt %)Source-specific limits and typical values
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| Element | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron | C14500 Tellurium Copper |
|---|---|---|
| C (Carbon) | 3.5 – 3.85% | — |
| Si (Silicon) | 2.2 – 2.8% | — |
| Mn (Manganese) | ≤ 0.35% | — |
| P (Phosphorus) | ≤ 0.05% | 0.004 – 0.012% |
| S (Sulfur) | ≤ 0.02% | — |
| Mg (Magnesium) | 0.035 – 0.06% | — |
| Fe (Iron) | — | — |
| Cu (Copper) | — | ≥ 99.9% |
| Te (Tellurium) | — | 0.4 – 0.7% |
3. Physical Properties
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| Property | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron | C14500 Tellurium Copper |
|---|---|---|
| Density · TYPICALUnit: g/cm³ | 7.1 g/cm³ | — g/cm³ |
| Density · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: g/cm³ | — g/cm³ | 8.941 g/cm³ |
4. Contextual Mechanical PropertiesUnit: SI
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| Mechanical Parameter | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast IronTypical: As-Cast or Annealed (Ferritic Matrix, ASTM A536 Note 2) | C14500 Tellurium Copper1/2 Hard (H02) |
|---|---|---|
| Poisson Ratio · TYPICALUnit: dimensionless | 0.28 dimensionless | — dimensionless |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 0.25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 262 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · .0625 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 262 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 289.6 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 289.6 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · .25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 262 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 289.6 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 289.6 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 296.5 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 296.5 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Rod · 0.24 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 296.5 MPa |
| Tensile Strength · Wire · 0.08 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 351.6 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 275.8 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 275.8 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 268.9 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 268.9 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 275.8 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 275.8 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Rod · 0.24 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 275.8 MPa |
| Yield Strength (0.5% Ext) · Wire · 0.08 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: MPa | — MPa | 282.7 MPa |
| Elongation · Rod · 0.25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 18 % |
| Elongation · Rod · .0625 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 8 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 25 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 25 % |
| Elongation · Rod · .25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 12 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 35 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 35 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 20 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 20 % |
| Elongation · Rod · 0.24 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 18 % |
| Elongation · Wire · 0.08 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL · 20 °CUnit: % | — % | 6 % |
| Modulus of Elasticity (Tension) · TYPICALUnit: GPa | — GPa | 117.2 GPa |
| Modulus of Rigidity · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 44126.4 MPa |
| Machinability Rating · TYPICALUnit: % | — % | 85 % |
| Forgeability Rating · TYPICALUnit: — | — — | 65 — |
| Shear Strength · Rod · 0.25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 179.3 MPa |
| Shear Strength · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 172.4 MPa |
| Shear Strength · Rod · 2 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 172.4 MPa |
| Shear Strength · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 179.3 MPa |
| Shear Strength · Wire · 0.08 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICALUnit: MPa | — MPa | 186.2 MPa |
5. Electrical & Thermal Conductive Properties
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| Property | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron | C14500 Tellurium Copper |
|---|---|---|
| Electrical Resistivity · TYPICALCategory: ELECTRICAL • Unit: nΩ·m | 550 nΩ·m | — nΩ·m |
| Electrical Conductivity · TYPICAL · 20 °CCategory: ELECTRICAL • Unit: % IACS | — % IACS | 93 % IACS |
| Thermal Conductivity · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: W/(m·K) | 36 W/(m·K) | — W/(m·K) |
| Thermal Conductivity · TYPICAL · 20 °CCategory: THERMAL • Unit: W/(m·K) | — W/(m·K) | 354.8 W/(m·K) |
| Specific Heat Capacity · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: J/(kg·K) | 470 J/(kg·K) | — J/(kg·K) |
| Specific Heat Capacity · TYPICAL · 20 °CCategory: THERMAL • Unit: J/(kg·K) | — J/(kg·K) | 385.2 J/(kg·K) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: µm/(m·K) | 11.8 µm/(m·K) | 17.1 µm/(m·K) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: µm/(m·K) | — µm/(m·K) | 17.46 µm/(m·K) |
| Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: µm/(m·K) | — µm/(m·K) | 17.82 µm/(m·K) |
| Liquidus Temperature · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: °C | — °C | 1080 °C |
| Solidus Temperature · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: °C | — °C | 1051.1 °C |
| Annealing Temperature Range · RANGECategory: THERMAL • Unit: °C | — °C | 426.7–648.9 °C |
| Hot Working Temperature Range · RANGECategory: THERMAL • Unit: °C | — °C | 760–871.1 °C |
6. Hardness Evaluation (Discrete Scales Preserved)No cross-scale mathematical conversion
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| Hardness Scale | ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron | C14500 Tellurium Copper |
|---|---|---|
| Rockwell B Hardness · Rod · 0.25 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL | — | 43 HRB |
| Rockwell B Hardness · Rod · 1 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL | — | 42 HRB |
| Rockwell B Hardness · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL | — | 43 HRB |
| Rockwell 30T Hardness · Rod · 0.5 · 1/2 Hard (H02) · TYPICAL | — | 50 HR30T |
7. Fabrication & Processing Comparison
ASTM A536 Grade 60-40-18 Ductile Cast Iron Characteristics:
Machinability: Very good machinability (~85% of C36000 baseline). Ferritic matrix provides low cutting forces, but ductile chips require chip breaker tool geometries.
Weldability: Moderately weldable compared to gray iron. Preheating to 200°C–260°C and nickel-iron (ENiFe-CI) electrodes are recommended, followed by full post-weld annealing (870°C–900°C) to restore maximum ductility in the heat-affected zone.
Formability / Cold Working: Limited cold coining and localized hydraulic swaging possible due to 18% tensile elongation. Bulk hot forging is not typical.
Heat Treatment & Annealing: Full ferritizing anneal: heat to 870°C–900°C (1600°F–1650°F) to dissolve carbides, furnace cool to 700°C (1300°F) and hold to convert pearlite to ferrite, then air cool.
C14500 Tellurium Copper Characteristics:
Machinability: Machinability rating: 85% relative to free-cutting brass (C36000 = 100%). Forgeability rating: 65.
Weldability: Soldering: Excellent; Brazing: Good; Oxyacetylene Welding: Fair; Gas Shielded Arc Welding: Fair; Coated Metal Arc Welding: Not Recommended; Spot Weld: Not Recommended; Seam Weld: Not Recommended; Butt Weld: Fair
Formability / Cold Working: Capacity for Being Cold Worked: Good. Capacity for Being Hot Formed: Good.
Heat Treatment & Annealing: Annealing temperature range: 426.7°C to 648.9°C (800°F - 1200°F). Hot working temperature range: 760.0°C to 871.1°C (1400°F - 1600°F).