Verified Curated Comparison Pairs:Source-Qualified
Material Comparison
Compare verified engineering materials side by side with condition-specific mechanical properties.
Material A (Baseline)
Material B (Comparison)
1. Identity, Classification & Standards
| Parameter | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel |
|---|---|---|
| Material Family | Steel | Steel |
| Subfamily | Carbon Steel | Carbon Steel |
| SAE Designation | 1144 | 12L14 |
| AISI Designation | 1144 | 12L14 |
| UNS Designation | G11440 | G12144 |
| SPECIFICATION Designation | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel Engineering Datasheet | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel Engineering Datasheet |
2. Chemical Composition Limits (wt %)Source-specific limits and typical values
| Element | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel |
|---|---|---|
| Fe (Iron) | Bal. | Bal. |
| C (Carbon) | 0.4 – 0.48% | ≤ 0.15% |
| Mn (Manganese) | 1.35 – 1.65% | 0.85 – 1.15% |
| P (Phosphorus) | ≤ 0.04% | ≤ 0.09% |
| S (Sulfur) | 0.24 – 0.33% | 0.26 – 0.35% |
| Pb (Lead) | — | 0.15 – 0.35% |
3. Physical Properties
| Property | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel |
|---|---|---|
| Density · TYPICALUnit: g/cm³ | 7.85 g/cm³ | 7.87 g/cm³ |
| Elastic Modulus · TYPICALUnit: GPa | 205 GPa | 205 GPa |
| Poisson's Ratio · TYPICALUnit: dimensionless | 0.29 dimensionless | 0.29 dimensionless |
4. Contextual Mechanical PropertiesUnit: SI
| Mechanical Parameter | SAE 1144 Carbon SteelCold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining SteelCold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) |
|---|---|---|
| Ultimate Tensile Strength · Bar · Cold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) · MINIMUMUnit: MPa | ≥ 690 MPa | ≥ 540 MPa |
| Yield Strength · Bar · Cold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) · MINIMUMUnit: MPa | ≥ 570 MPa | ≥ 415 MPa |
| Elongation at Break · Bar · in 50 mm (2 in) · Cold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) · MINIMUMUnit: % | ≥ 10 % | ≥ 10 % |
| Reduction of Area · Bar · Cold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) · MINIMUMUnit: % | ≥ 30 % | ≥ 35 % |
5. Electrical & Thermal Conductive Properties
| Property | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel |
|---|---|---|
| Specific Heat Capacity · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: J/(kg·K) | 486 J/(kg·K) | 486 J/(kg·K) |
| Thermal Conductivity · TYPICALCategory: THERMAL • Unit: W/(m·K) | 49.8 W/(m·K) | 51.9 W/(m·K) |
6. Hardness Evaluation (Discrete Scales Preserved)No cross-scale mathematical conversion
| Hardness Scale | SAE 1144 Carbon Steel | SAE 12L14 Free-Machining Steel |
|---|---|---|
| HB Hardness · Bar · Cold Drawn Bar (19 to 32 mm) · TYPICAL | ≤ 241 HB | ≤ 197 HB |